Documents and ID you will need

Most banks require a government-issued photo ID and proof of your current address. A driver's license or passport covers the ID part. For address proof, bring a recent utility bill, lease, mortgage statement, or government mail dated within the last 60 days — the exact timeframe varies by bank, so call ahead if you're unsure.

Some banks also ask for a second form of ID if your photo ID doesn't show your address. A state ID card, tribal ID, or military ID works. If you don't have a photo ID at all, a few banks will accept a combination of documents like a Social Security card plus a utility bill plus a birth certificate, but this is less common and takes longer.

You will need your Social Security number or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). The bank uses this to run a background check through ChexSystems, a banking history database. If you've had accounts closed for unpaid overdrafts or fraud in the past, the bank will see that.

Key Takeaways

  • Bring a government photo ID and a recent utility bill or lease showing your current address — these are the baseline documents every bank requires.
  • Have your Social Security number or ITIN ready; the bank will check your banking history through ChexSystems before opening your account.
  • If you have a history of overdrafts or closed accounts, some banks will still open an account for you, but others use ChexSystems results to deny you.
  • Opening an account in person at a branch takes 15 to 30 minutes; online applications can take 24 to 48 hours for approval.
  • Some banks offer second-chance accounts specifically for people with negative ChexSystems records, though these often have higher fees.

What happens if you don't have a photo ID

Not having a driver's license or passport makes opening an account harder but not impossible. Call the bank first and ask what combination of documents they will accept. Most will take a state ID card, passport card, or military ID. If you have none of these, some banks will accept a notarized birth certificate plus a utility bill plus a Social Security card, though you may need to visit a branch in person rather than applying online.

If you're undocumented or don't have a Social Security number, ask whether the bank accepts an ITIN. Many do, and some have specific programs for people in this situation. Credit unions are often more flexible than large national banks on this point.

What happens if ChexSystems shows a problem

ChexSystems is a database that tracks bounced checks, overdraft abuse, and fraud. If you closed an account with unpaid fees or had repeated overdrafts, that information stays on your record for five years. When you apply for a new account, the bank sees this history and may deny you.

You have the right to see your ChexSystems report for free. Visit chexsystems.com and request your report. If there's an error — a closed account you don't recognize, or overdrafts listed twice — you can dispute it. Disputes usually take 30 days to resolve.

If your report is accurate but you still want an account, look for banks that offer second-chance or basic checking accounts. These are designed for people with negative ChexSystems records. They often have lower opening balances, higher monthly fees, and fewer features, but they let you rebuild your banking history. Some credit unions also ignore ChexSystems entirely and make decisions based on your current situation instead.

Minimum opening deposit and ongoing balance requirements

Most banks require a minimum opening deposit, though the amount varies widely. Some require $0 to open; others ask for $25, $100, or more. A few banks waive the minimum if you set up direct deposit. Ask the bank what their current minimum is before you go in, because it can change.

After you open the account, some banks require you to maintain a minimum balance to avoid a monthly fee. This might be $500, $1,000, or higher depending on the account type. If your balance drops below the minimum, you pay a fee each month until you bring it back up. Other banks charge a flat monthly fee regardless of balance, or no fee at all. Compare the fee structure before you choose.

Information about yourself the bank will ask for

Beyond your ID and Social Security number, the bank will ask for your full legal name, date of birth, current address, phone number, and email. They will ask your employment status and sometimes your employer's name. This information is used to verify your identity and comply with federal anti-money-laundering rules.

The bank may also ask whether you have accounts at other banks and whether you've been convicted of certain crimes. You must answer honestly. Lying on a bank application can result in account closure and, in rare cases, criminal charges.

Timeline from application to using your account

If you apply in person at a branch, you can usually open an account and receive a debit card on the same day. The card may be temporary or may arrive by mail within 7 to 10 business days. You can start using your account immediately through online banking or mobile app, even if your physical card hasn't arrived yet.

If you apply online, approval typically takes 24 to 48 hours. The bank will send you a confirmation email with your account number. You can transfer money into your account right away, but you may not be able to order a debit card or set up bill pay until the bank has verified your identity by mail or phone. This verification step can add another week.

Some banks use a video call to verify your identity during an online application, which speeds up the process to same-day approval. Ask whether the bank offers this option when you start your application.

What to bring if you're opening an account for someone else

If you're opening an account on behalf of a minor, you will need your own ID and proof of address, plus the minor's birth certificate and Social Security number. Some banks require the minor to be present in person; others allow a parent or legal guardian to open the account alone. Call ahead to confirm the bank's policy.

If you have power of attorney for an adult and want to open an account for them, bring your power of attorney document along with your ID and the other person's ID and Social Security number. The bank will verify the power of attorney before proceeding.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I open a bank account without a Social Security number?

Yes, if you have an ITIN (Individual Taxpayer Identification Number). Many banks accept ITINs in place of a Social Security number. Some credit unions and online banks are more flexible on this than large national banks. Call the bank directly to confirm they accept ITINs before you visit.

What if I was denied an account because of ChexSystems?

Request your ChexSystems report to see what's on it. If there's an error, dispute it. If the information is accurate, look for second-chance checking accounts or credit unions that don't use ChexSystems. You can also wait — negative items fall off your report after five years.

Do I need to bring original documents or can I use copies?

Banks require original documents or certified copies. A photocopy of your driver's license is not acceptable. Bring the actual ID card or passport. For address proof, an original utility bill or lease is fine; a copy is usually not.

How long does it take to receive my debit card?

If you open an account in person, you may receive a temporary card the same day or a permanent card within 7 to 10 business days. Online applications typically take 7 to 14 business days for the card to arrive by mail. You can use your account online or through mobile banking before the physical card arrives.

What if I don't have proof of address?

If you don't have a utility bill or lease in your name, ask the bank what alternatives they accept. Some will take a government letter, bank statement, or insurance document. If you're homeless or living with someone else, explain your situation to the bank — some have procedures for this and may accept a letter from a shelter or social service agency.