When to use manual linking instead of instant connection

Plaid offers two ways to connect your bank account: instant connection (where you log in through Plaid's interface) and manual linking (where you enter your information step by step without logging into your bank). Manual linking is slower but works when instant connection fails, when your bank isn't in Plaid's database, or when you don't want to enter your login credentials into any third-party tool.

Manual linking also works if your bank uses unusual security measures—like a security key or a code sent to your phone that expires quickly—that don't play well with automated login systems. Some people choose it simply because they prefer not to share their banking password with any app, even one as widely used as Plaid.

The manual process takes longer because you're providing information directly rather than letting Plaid pull it from your bank's system. You'll need your account number, routing number, and sometimes other details specific to your bank. The app or service you're connecting to will guide you through the steps, but the basic flow is the same across most platforms.

Key Takeaways

  • Manual linking requires your account number and routing number, which you can find on a check, your bank's website, or by calling customer service.
  • The process happens within the app or website you're trying to connect—Plaid itself doesn't run the manual linking flow.
  • Manual verification usually takes one to three business days because the app sends small test deposits to your account to confirm ownership.
  • If manual linking fails, you may need to contact your bank's customer service to confirm the account number and routing number are correct.

Finding your account number and routing number

Your routing number is a nine-digit code that identifies your specific bank branch. Your account number is unique to your account at that bank. Both appear on the bottom left of any check you have from that account—the routing number comes first, then the account number, then the check number.

If you don't have a check, log into your bank's website or app and look for account details or account information. Most banks display both numbers there. You can also call your bank's customer service line (the number is usually on the back of your debit card) and ask them to read you both numbers. Have your account open in front of you when you call so you can confirm you're looking at the right account if you have multiple.

Write down both numbers before you start the linking process. Some apps require you to enter them multiple times, and having them written down saves you from switching between windows or making mistakes.

Starting manual linking in the app or website

Open the app or website where you want to connect your bank account. Look for a button or link that says "Connect bank account," "Link account," "Add account," or something similar. The exact wording varies by app.

When you click it, you'll usually see a search box where you type your bank's name. Type the name as it appears on your debit card or statements—for example, "Chase" or "Bank of America," not "Chase Manhattan" or abbreviations. The app will show you matching banks. Click the one that matches your account.

After you select your bank, you should see two options: one for instant login and one for manual linking. The manual option might say "I don't have online banking," "Enter account details manually," or "Can't connect?" Click that option. Do not click the instant login option if you want to avoid entering your password.

Entering your information and completing verification

The app will ask you to enter your account number and routing number. Some apps ask for additional information like your account type (checking or savings) or the last four digits of your Social Security number. Enter exactly what the app asks for—don't add spaces or dashes unless the app shows them in the example.

After you submit, most apps will tell you that verification is pending. This is normal. The app sends two small deposits (usually between $0.01 and $0.99 each) to your account over the next one to three business days. These deposits appear in your bank account with a code in the description—something like "PLAID TEST DEPOSIT 1234."

Check your bank account regularly after you submit. When both deposits arrive, return to the app and enter the two amounts you see. This confirms that you own the account. Once you enter the amounts correctly, the account is linked and the test deposits are reversed (removed from your account).

What to do if verification takes longer than expected

If you don't see the test deposits after three business days, log into your bank account and search your transaction history for "PLAID" or "TEST." Sometimes the deposits appear but aren't labeled clearly, or they arrive in a different part of your account history than you expect.

If you genuinely don't see them, return to the app and look for a link that says "Didn't receive deposits?" or "Verify another way." Some apps offer alternative verification methods, like uploading a bank statement or a photo of a check. These methods take longer but work when test deposits don't arrive.

If the app doesn't offer an alternative, contact the app's customer support and tell them you're stuck on manual verification. Provide them with your bank name and account type. They may be able to manually confirm your account or troubleshoot why the deposits didn't arrive. In rare cases, your bank may be blocking small test deposits—calling your bank's customer service can confirm this.

Troubleshooting common manual linking problems

The most common reason manual linking fails is an incorrect account number or routing number. Double-check both numbers against your check or your bank's website. Some banks have multiple routing numbers depending on which branch you opened your account at, so if the first number doesn't work, call your bank and ask for the routing number specifically for manual transfers or ACH payments.

If you entered the numbers correctly but the app still won't accept them, your bank may not support manual linking through that particular app. This is rare but happens with some smaller regional banks or credit unions. In that case, contact the app's support team and ask if they have a workaround, or try instant login if you're comfortable entering your password.

Another issue: some banks flag small test deposits as suspicious and block them. If this happens, you'll see the deposits arrive and then disappear from your account. Call your bank's fraud department and tell them you're linking your account to [app name] and that you're expecting small test deposits. They can whitelist the deposits so they go through.

How long manual linking takes from start to finish

The entire process usually takes three to five business days. The first step—entering your information—is instant. The wait comes during verification, when the app sends test deposits and waits for them to appear in your account. Weekends and bank holidays add extra time, so if you start on a Friday, expect verification to take until Wednesday or Thursday of the following week.

Once you enter the deposit amounts correctly, linking is complete immediately. The app will show your account as connected and ready to use. You can then authorize transactions, view your balance, or whatever the app is designed to do with your account information.

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it safe to give my account number and routing number to an app?

Your account number and routing number are not secret—they appear on every check you write and are needed for direct deposits and bill payments. Giving them to a reputable app is generally safe. However, never share your PIN, password, or the full account number plus routing number with someone who contacts you unsolicited.

Can I use manual linking if my bank isn't listed in the app?

Manual linking still requires the app to support your bank, even if instant login doesn't. If your bank doesn't appear in the search results, the app may not support it at all. Contact the app's support team to ask if they plan to add your bank or if there's a workaround.

What happens to the test deposits after I verify?

The test deposits are reversed (removed) from your account automatically after you enter the amounts correctly. You won't see them in your final balance. This usually happens within one business day of verification.

Do I have to use manual linking, or can I try instant login first?

You can try instant login first. If it fails or you're uncomfortable entering your password, you can go back and choose manual linking instead. Most apps let you switch methods without starting over completely.

What if I link the wrong account by mistake?

Most apps let you disconnect and reconnect a different account. Look for a settings or accounts menu, find the linked account, and select "disconnect" or "remove." Then start the linking process again with the correct account number.